Absceso subpectoral como diagnóstico diferencial de hombro doloroso: reporte de un caso / Subpectoral abscess as a differential diagnosis of painful shoulder: a case report

Los síndromes dolorosos del hombro son relativamente comunes en la práctica clínica. Habitualmente son causados por un número limitado de patologías. Dentro de los diagnósticos diferenciales, el pinzamiento subacromial, las lesiones aisladas del manguito rotador, capsulitis adhesiva, tendinitis cálcica, patología degenerativa de las articulaciones glenohumeral y acromioclavicular, y la inestabilidad crónica del hombro, son causas comunes. Causas infrecuentes son la rotura del tendón del bíceps, neuralgias, patología infecciosa articular y tumores del hombro. Un absceso subpectoral sin sintomatología infecciosa clara es una causa extremadamente rara de hombro doloroso en el adulto. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 60 años, que inicia con un cuadro de hombro doloroso cuya causa se identifica como un absceso subpectoral por staphylococcus aureus que se maneja con drenaje quirúrgico y tratamiento antibiótico endovenoso con buenos resultados.

Painful shoulder syndromes are commonly caused by a limited assortment of pathologies. Differential diagnosis include rotator cuff impingement syndrome, rotator cuff tears, adhesive capsulitis, calcific tendonitis, degenerative disease of the joint including acromio-clavicular and gleno-humeral joints and chronic instability. Less common causes are labral tears, biceps tendon rupture, soft tissue infection, neurologic disease, joint infection and shoulder tumors. A subpectoral abscess without infectious clinical features is a very rare cause of shoulder pain in adults. We present the case of a 52 years old male who develops a painful shoulder syndrome caused by a staphylococcus aureus subpectoral abscess, treated by surgical drainage and intravenous antibiotic therapy with good results.

Estudio retrospectivo de la endocarditis infecciosa en diferentes grupos de riesgo / Infective endocarditis in an internal medicine ward

Background: Due to the increasing number of intravenous drug users, subjects with immune deficiencies or with prosthetic valves, infective endocarditis (IE) continues to be prevalent and to have a high mortality. Aim: To review all cases of infective endocarditis diagnosed in an Internal Medicine Service. Material and methods: Retrospective review of medical records of all patients with infective endocarditis, hospitalized in an Internal Medicine ward, between 1989 and 2003. Dukes criteria were used to define definitive, possible and less probable cases of IE. Results: Eighty seven patients with definite IE were identified (66 males, age range 19-84 years), with a mean incidence of 5.3 per 1000 hospitalizations. IE in intravenous drugs users was usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus and presented high risk of embolism (RR: 3,21). Subjects aged over 70 years had a relative risk of mortality of 5.5. Hospital acquired IE was associated with advanced age and IV catheters appeared as the only predisposing factor. Patients with prosthetic valves were also older, their main complication was abscess formation and their mortality was higher. Conclusions: A closer approach to differential conditions of patients, according to age, intravenous drug use or the presence of prosthetic valves, is necessary

Brain abscess secondary to frontal osteomyelitis / Abscesso cerebral secundário à osteomielite frontal

Frontal osteomyelitis is a rare complication of sinusitis. Common intracranial complications of the frontal osteomyelitis are meningitis, epidural empyema, subdural empyema and brain abscess. We described a case of frontal osteomyelitis with brain abscess caused by Staphylococcus aureus with improve after needle aspiration and antibiotics to brain abscess for eight weeks and for chronic osteomyelitis for four months.

A osteomielite de osso frontal é uma complicação rara da sinusite frontal. As complicações intracranianas mais comuns da osteomielite frontal são: meningite, empiema epidural, empiema subdural e abscesso cerebral. Relatamos um caso de osteomielite frontal com abscesso cerebral cujo agente etiológico foi o Staphylococcus aureus. Houve melhora significativa após drenagem guiada por agulha e antibiótico por oito semanas e para a osteomielite crônica por quatro meses.

Pseudoartrosis atrófica infectada y acortamiento de pierna / Atrophic infected pserdoarthrosis and leg shortening: a clinical case

Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente de 34 años con diagnóstico de pseudoartrosis atrófica infectada y acortamiento de pierna o pseudoartrosis tipo II (Paley), como complicación de fractura expuesta grado III-B (Gustilo)debida al traumatismo de alta energía. El caso representa un desafío para el ortopedista debido a pérdida ósea (10cm), acortamiento (7 cm), infección (Staphylococcus aureus), piel atrófica (11 cirugías previas) y rigidez articular parcial (rodilla-tobillo). Se realizó tratamiento según el método de Ilizarov con tutor circular híbrido que al ser multiplanar, logra la corrección simultánea del defecto, del acortamiento y de la infección ósea, por lo que se presenta como alternativa para el tratamiento de fracturas de pierna por mecanismo de alta energía.

Infecções por Staphylococcus aureus: relato de caso e discussão da literatura / Staphylococcus aureus infections: case related and literature review

Os autores apresentam um caso clínico de sepse por Staphylococcus aureus, a partir de um foco primário cutâneo que evolui para osteomielite crônica, comprometendo a metáfise e a cartilagem de crescimento em criança de 12 anos de idade

Peritoneo diálisis crónica intermitente: 12 años de experiencia / Intermittent peritoneal dialysis: a 12 years experience

Since 1981, we have treated 46 adults aged 56 ñ 21 years, of whom 17 were diabetic, with intermittent peritoneal dialysis. Their main time on dialysis has been 21 months with an accumulated experience of 493 months/patient. The program included 2 dialyses per week, 25 exchanges of 21 session and 30 min of dwell time. Arterial pressure control has been satisfactory. Diabetic patients had a lower levels of serum calcium, alkaline phosphatases and m-PTH. The incidence of peritonitis has been 1 episode/14 months/patient and the causative agent has been Staphylococcus aureus in 47 percent of episodes. Mean catheter duration has been 15 months and 1 episode/34 months/patient of exit site infection has been recorded and Staphylococcus aureus has beeb the causative agent in 83 percent episodes. The risk of acquiring the first peritonitis was 12 percent at 3 months, 23 percent at 6 months and higher for non diabetic patients. Actuarial survival of treated patients at 12 and 24 months was 89 and 67 percent respectively. No differences in survival were recorded between diabetic and non diabetic patients. Fifty two percent of patients that dropped out continued on hemidialysis, 23 percent, 11 percent abandoned treatment, 8 percent continued on chronic ambulatory peritonela dialysis and 60 percent received a kidney allograft. We conclude that intermittent peritoneal dialysis is a good alternative treatment of chronic renal failure, even in diabetic patients